Industrial Storage Systems: Types and functions

In modern warehouses, distribution centers, and manufacturing facilities, efficient storage systems play a critical role in maximizing space, streamlining workflows, and improving inventory management. Choosing the right industrial storage system helps businesses operate more efficiently by ensuring easy access to materials and maximizing available space. In this article, we’ll explore various types of industrial storage systems, their functions, and how they cater to different storage needs.

1. Pallet Racking Systems

Pallet racking systems are one of the most widely used storage solutions in industrial settings. Designed for high-density storage, these systems allow warehouses to store large quantities of palletized goods. Common types include selective racking, drive-in racking, and push-back racking. Each serves a different purpose:

Selective Racking: Offers easy access to each pallet, making it ideal for facilities needing quick inventory access and turnover.

Drive-In Racking: Uses a high-density layout, allowing forklifts to enter the racks to store and retrieve items. It's beneficial for products that don’t require constant rotation.

Push-Back Racking: Stores pallets on inclined rails, where each pallet pushes the previous one back. It’s a great choice for Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) inventory management.

Drive In Pallet Racks

2. Cantilever Racking

Cantilever racking systems are designed for storing long, bulky items such as pipes, lumber, and steel rods. These racks feature arms that extend from a central column, allowing products to be stored horizontally. Cantilever racks provide easy accessibility and can accommodate heavy, awkwardly shaped items that might not fit well on traditional pallet racks. They’re often adjustable, making them suitable for varied inventory lengths.

Heavy Duty Cantilever Racks

3. Mezzanine Storage Systems

Mezzanine storage systems make use of vertical space by creating an additional level or floor within the warehouse. These systems are typically modular and can be customized to fit specific requirements. By adding a mezzanine level, companies can increase storage capacity without needing to expand the facility. Mezzanines are commonly used for small parts storage, office space, or additional shelving, effectively doubling available space without construction.

Mezzanine Racking Systems

4. Shelving Systems

Shelving systems are ideal for smaller items, tools, or parts that don’t require palletized storage. Various types of shelving systems exist, including boltless shelving, mobile shelving, and wire shelving. Each offers unique benefits:

Boltless Shelving: Easily assembled and adjusted without tools, making it ideal for smaller items and light to medium loads.

Mobile Shelving: Mounted on tracks, allowing shelves to be moved, which helps save space by consolidating storage and minimizing aisle space.

Wire Shelving: Provides good visibility and airflow, suitable for food storage or inventory that requires ventilation.

Slotted Angle Steel Shelving

5. Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS)

Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS) are advanced storage solutions that use robotics and automation to handle and retrieve items. AS/RS systems can range from simple, crane-operated units to complex robotic systems for storing and retrieving small parts. These systems are highly efficient, reducing human labor and errors in warehouses. AS/RS is ideal for large-scale operations with high inventory turnover, as it can significantly speed up retrieval times and optimize storage space.

As/Rs Automated Warehouses

6. Bin and Drawer Storage Systems

Bin and drawer storage systems are designed for storing small parts and components. Commonly used in manufacturing and assembly lines, these systems help organize small items that need to be easily accessible. Bins are often color-coded or labeled to simplify the organization and retrieval of parts. Drawer storage systems provide secure and organized storage in compact spaces, often utilized in tool rooms or maintenance departments where quick access to specific items is necessary.

7. Vertical Lift Modules (VLM)

Vertical Lift Modules (VLMs) are automated storage systems that use an elevator mechanism to move trays of items to an access point. VLMs are ideal for small parts or items that require secure, efficient storage in a compact footprint. These systems improve picking accuracy and speed, reducing labor costs and allowing more effective use of vertical space in the warehouse. VLMs are popular in industries with a high demand for order accuracy and speed, such as pharmaceuticals and electronics.

8. Cold Storage Systems

Cold storage systems are designed to store perishable goods that need to be kept at specific temperatures. Commonly used in the food, pharmaceutical, and floral industries, these systems can include shelving, pallet racking, or AS/RS solutions adapted for refrigeration or freezing conditions. The primary function of cold storage is to extend product shelf life, maintain quality, and comply with industry-specific health and safety standards.

Frequently Asked Questions About Industrial Storage Systems

Q: What is the best storage system for high-density warehousing?

A: High-density storage options include drive-in racking, push-back racking, and AS/RS systems, which maximize available space by minimizing aisle requirements and storing goods in compact formations.

Q: How can automation improve industrial storage efficiency?

A: Automated systems, like AS/RS and VLMs, streamline picking and storage operations, reduce labor costs, minimize errors, and maximize space utilization by using robotics and smart technology.

Q: What types of products should be stored in cantilever racks?

A: Cantilever racks are ideal for long, bulky items like lumber, pipes, and other materials that can’t be stored on standard pallet racks. Their open design makes it easy to store and access irregularly shaped inventory.

Conclusion

Choosing the right industrial storage system is essential for efficient warehouse management. From pallet racking to automated systems, each type of storage offers distinct advantages tailored to specific needs. By understanding the various types and functions of these systems, businesses can enhance productivity, reduce storage costs, and maximize available space. Whether you need high-density storage, automation, or specialized solutions, selecting the right system will optimize operations and ensure smooth inventory management.

Maxrac® is a leading racking manufacturer and provider of high quality industrial storage solutions. Contact our team of experts for advice on the matter.